In long jump technique, which statement correctly describes how approach speed and takeoff angle interact to optimize distance?

• A. Takeoff angle is the only determinant of distance
• B. Takeoff angle should be as small as possible to maximize run-up
• C. Approach speed provides horizontal velocity; takeoff angle around 18–22 degrees (depending on athlete) to convert speed into vertical lift while preserving forward velocity
• D. Takeoff angle should be above 45 degrees

Answer: (C)

Approach speed sets your horizontal velocity, while the takeoff angle decides how much of that speed is converted into vertical lift to stay airborne. The goal is to maximize the time you’re in the air without sacrificing too much forward speed, so you travel farther after takeoff.

If you take off with too steep an angle, you gain more height but lose a lot of forward velocity, which shortens the distance you can cover. If you take off too shallow, you preserve speed but don’t get enough vertical lift to stay aloft long enough to maximize forward travel. An angle in the roughly 18–22 degrees range is a practical compromise: it provides enough vertical component to lengthen the flight while keeping most of the approach speed as forward motion. The exact optimum depends on the athlete’s speed and technique.

So the statement is best because it links approach speed to horizontal velocity and identifies a modest takeoff angle that balances vertical lift with preserved forward velocity.